CARDIOLOGY PATIENT SIMULATOR "K"
CARDIOLOGY PATIENT SIMULATOR "K" is :
Supervised and directed by :
Tsunekazu Takashina,M.D.,Ph.D.,F.A.C.C.
President, Japanese Educational Clinical Cardiology Society, Osaka Japan
&
Masashi Shimizu, Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics Graduate
School of Information Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Produced by : KYOTO
KAGAKU Co., LTD.
JECCS has newly developed a cardiology patient simulator "K", through the application of new digital computer technology. It is capable of reproducing selected physical findings, as well as cardiac sounds, murmurs, and respiratory sounds that have been pre-recorded from actual patients. The examiners use an ordinary type of stethoscope.
The recent introduction of simulators has played an important role in clinical training in the pase few decades. However, these machines are normaly very difficult to move from one medical institution to another, because of their heavy weight and special stethoscope apparatus.
We have successfully developed a new apparatus, as shown below, which
weighs only 50kg and is transportable to almost any place where training
is to be provided.
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| This is a human-sized mannequin with a vinyl chloride surface and urethane form interior. At pulsatile sites, silicon rubber tubes are installed 5 mm below the skin surface. Physicians, medical students, nurses and paramedics are able to perform their inspection and palpation at each pulsatile site, and to listen with their stethoscope at each auscultatory site, just as they do in the physical examination of patients at the bedside. | |
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Learning program : Training by using SIMULATOR "K"
on October 10, 1998 at WHO Kobe Center, Japan |
REALISTIC SIMULATION OF LIVING PATIENTS WITH HEART DISEASES AND ARRHYTHMIAS! 99 EXAMPLES!
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You can use your own stethoscope to listen to each case at the four classical auscultation sites. Auscultation of 1st sound (S1) and second sound (S2) can also be done with ECG monitoring, and palpation of arterial pulses and inspection of venous pulsation can be done just as in examination of real cardiac patiens. |
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The carotid, radial, medial and femoral arteris are palpated at eight sites on both sides. By palpation, slight variations of the arterial pulse waves in different cardiac conditions or arrhythmias can be detected. |
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Pulsation of the jugular venous waves can be observed on both sides. In each case, the difference and timing of the strength of "a" waves and "v" waves are observed by inspection, just as in real cardiac patients. |
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The cardiac impulses simulated at the sites of RV, LV and DLV. The various cardiac impulses in different cardiac conditions are palpated. |
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Explanations on the display show a characteristic feature of each case, and the waves of the ECG, CAP, JVP and ACG are also shown as a freeze frame picture to study. Free combination of waves is available, and can be used for evaluating bedside examination skills by palpation and/or auscultation. |
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The connection of the exclusive four-channel
amplifier and four speakers with the simulator produces independently
the four different heart sounds at each auscultation site. This
system* is also useful before training in auscultation, or in a
lecture. |
Bedside Physical Examination
- learned by a New Cardiology Patient Simulator "K" -
Click bedside.pdf to learn bedside physical examination.
The book of Bedside Physical Examination (102 pages, US$30 including mailing fee) is now
available.
Please contact us. office@jeccs.org
TRAINING ITEMS
- Inspection of the juglar venous waves at both sides of the neck.
Palpation of arterial pulsation of carotid, radial, medial and femoral arteris at both sides (eight sites). - Auscultation of heard sounds at the four classical auscultatory sites: Aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid and mitral
- Palpation of the cardiac impulse of the right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV) and dilated left ventricle (DLV).
- Auscultation of breathing sounds at the same sites as heart sounds and murmurs.
- Monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG), Jugular venous pulse (JVP), carotid arterial pulse (CAP) and apex cardiogram (ACG).
MENU OF CASES IN SIMULATOR "K" AND CONTENTS OF SIMULATIONS
A. Simulation of normal heart sounds (12 cases)
The normal arterial, venous and cardiac impulses are simulated, as well as heart sounds such as splitting of S2 in the pulmonic area and S3 and S4 gallop sounds in the mitral area.
A01 S2 Split (-) HR:60
A02 S1 Split (+)
A03 S2 Split (+)
A04 S2 Wide split (+)
A05 S3 Gallop
A06 S4 Gallop
A07 Pulmonary ejection sound
A08 S3 and S4 Gallop
A09 Innocent murmur
A10 Midsystolic click sound
A11 S2 Split (-) HR: 72
A12 S2 Split (-) HR: 84
B. Heart disease simulation (12 cases)
The characteristic heart sounds and pulse waves of most common heart diseases are simulated.
B01 Aortic stenosis
B02 Mitral regurgitation
B03 Mitral stenosis
B04 Aortic regurgitation
B05 Subaortic stenosis
B06 Mitral steno-regurgitation
B07 Pulmonic valvular stenosis
B08 Atrial septal defect
B09 Ventricualr septal defect
B10 Tricuspid regurgitation
B11 Acute mitral regurgitation
B12 Patent ductus arteriosus
B13 Mitral prolapse
B14 Dilated cardiomyopathy
C. Arrhythmia simulation (10 cases)
The characteristic findings of the arterial and venous pulse waves are simulated. For example, in ventricular premature contraction, the venous pulsations are normal but arterial pulsation is not produced by the premature beat.
C01 Sinus arrhythmia
C02 Sinus tachycardia
C03 Sinus bracycardia
C04 Ventricular premature contraction (1)
C05 Ventricular premature contraction (2)
C06 Ventricular premature contraction (3)
C07 Sino-atrial block
C08 AV block
C09 Atrial fibrillation
C10 Atrial flutter
D. Simulation of breath sounds (11 cases)
Pre-recorded sound simulation with eleven actual cases based on rales.
D01 Vesicular breath sound
D02 Bronchial breath sound
D03 Low-pitched rale
D04 High-pitched rale
D05 Coarse intermittent rale
D06 Fine intermittent rale
D07 Pleural friction sound
D08 Espiration friction stridor
D09 Atelectasis
D10 Pulmonary edema
D11 Leaked trach tube
ECG:ARRHYTHMIA SIMULATION(SIMULATOR "K-2")
The software has been added in order to study more easily the ECG of various
arrhythmias. The full size drawn ECG is displayed on the display in order
to parctice how to read ECG by utilizing the pause function and/or calibrator
function. The pre-recorded 52 cases are clasified into 4 levels form mild
to severe level with 13 cases each. (In case of the Model HST-D, the software
is available as an option. The software is attached to other models.)
REFERENCES
1 Takashina T, Masuzawa T, Fukui Y : A new cardiac auscultation simulator.
Clin Cardiol 1990. 13:869-872
2 Takashina T : A portable cardiac auscultation simulator. J Osaka Med Assoc (JPN) 1991.25:1-2
3 Takashina T, Shimizu M, Katayama H : A new cardiology patient simulator. Cardiol 1997.88:408-413
For further information, please
contact us.
